Construction

• Direct Sun Exposure: Construction workers are often required to work outdoors with little to no shade, making them particularly vulnerable to heat stress during the summer months.
• Heavy Equipment and Gear: The use of heavy protective gear, like hard hats and safety vests, can trap heat and exacerbate the risk of heat-related illnesses.
• Extended Work Hours: Long shifts, often during the hottest parts of the day, increase the duration of exposure to heat.
• Project Deadlines: Tight schedules can pressure workers to continue without adequate breaks, increasing the risk of heat exhaustion or stroke.

Agriculture

• Prolonged Sun Exposure: Farmers and field workers spend long hours in open fields with minimal shade, leading to significant exposure to solar radiation.
• Seasonal Work Intensity: Harvesting and planting seasons often require more intensive labor, coinciding with hotter periods of the year.
• Limited Access to Cooling Facilities: Remote fields may lack immediate access to cool, shaded areas or facilities for relief from the heat.
• Hydration Challenges: Ensuring adequate hydration can be a challenge in remote agricultural settings.

Manufacturing

• Indoor Heat Accumulation: Factories, especially those involved in metalworking, glass production, or other heat-intensive processes, can become extremely hot due to machinery and industrial processes.
• Inadequate Ventilation: Older manufacturing plants may lack sufficient ventilation systems, leading to stagnant, hot air that increases the risk of heat stress.
• Physical Labor: The physical nature of manufacturing work, often combined with long standing or repetitive movements, contributes to body heat generation.
• Shift Work: Workers in manufacturing plants may have fixed or rotating shifts, which can disrupt normal circadian rhythms and exacerbate the effects of heat stress.

Mining

• Underground Heat: Mines can be extremely hot environments due to geothermal gradients and limited air circulation.
• Heavy Protective Equipment: Miners are required to wear extensive protective gear, which can trap heat and limit the body's ability to cool itself.
• Physical Demands: Mining is physically demanding, increasing metabolic heat production in workers.
• Air Quality and Humidity: The air deep in mines can be humid and of lower quality, which impairs the body's cooling mechanisms.